Treatment of Failed Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation Asia (PFNA2) in a Severely Osteoporotic Patient With a Revision Stem.

An intertrochanteric fracture is a prevalent and perilous kind of fracture that often affects older persons. A customized implant, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation Asia (PFNA2) is being used expressly in unstable intertrochanteric fractures in people with osteoporosis. In this case report, we examined a female osteoporosis patient, age 74, who underwent a failed PFNA2 procedure. Subsequently, the patient had bipolar hemiarthroplasty as a treatment. To prevent mechanical failure, it is crucial to strive for a high level of reduction quality and precise alignment of the central blade throughout hip X-ray procedures. Improved surgical proficiency and skill are crucial for managing patients with severe osteoporosis and prolonged weight-bearing requirements, hence reducing the occurrence of postoperative problems. Depending on the cause of the failure and the individual circumstances of the patient when internal fixation fails, it is recommended to either replace the joint with a prosthetic or reapply fixation. These interventions may facilitate the production of beneficial healing outcomes.

A Case of Modified McLaughlin Procedure in Neglected Posterior Shoulder Fracture Dislocation.

A Hill-Sachs lesion, a posterolateral bony defect of the proximal humerus, occurs when the humerus head collides with the anterior region of the glenoid during an anterior shoulder dislocation. A posteriorly dislocated shoulder may cause a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion, which is a deficiency on the anteromedial part of the humeral head due to impaction. Avascular necrosis could result from this lesion if detection and repair are not carried out. The subscapularis tendon is separated from the smaller tuberosity using an open technique in the original McLaughlin procedure, which was initially described in 1952. In neglected cases of patients undergoing surgery after three weeks, there is no commonly accepted standard of care. Glenohumeral joint stabilization and early and full functional recovery are the two objectives of the procedure. This case report describes a modified McLaughlin surgery where the subscapularis tendon and lesser tuberosity are transferred to the reverse Hill-Sachs defect for stability. The clinical significance of our case report is that it accentuates the role of early detection and appropriate management of reverse Hill-Sachs lesion, which is often overlooked and missed in a case of posterior shoulder dislocation. The use of the modified McLaughlin procedure not only covers the defect with a bone chunk and the subscapularis tendon transfer over the head of the humerus but the stable fixation with the anchor and cannulated cancellous screw helps in early rehabilitation of the shoulder joint.

A Rare Case of Giant Cell Tumour of Tendon Sheath and Its Arthroscopic In Toto Excision.

The aim of this study is to bring attention to a unique occurrence in an uncommon location and to describe our approach to treatment in this context. We describe a case of a 36-year-old male who presented with complaints of pain in his left knee for three months, with a restricted range of motion, without a prior history of trauma. A thorough knee examination was performed, which was unremarkable except for a restricted range of motion and tenderness along the medial joint line. A plain radiograph of the knee revealed no bony injury. MRI was done to assess the extension and it confirmed a soft tissue mass beneath the patella. The patient was taken up for surgery after a pre-anesthetic checkup and the mass was removed arthroscopically in toto using a higher accessory antero-medial portal. The mass was removed with the help of a spatula without damaging it and sent for histopathological analysis. Histopathology confirmed that it was a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath. The procedure was uneventful, and the patient achieved a full range of motion post-operatively.

Comparative Study of Postoperative Outcomes of Clavicle Midshaft Fracture Treated by Nailing vs. Plating.

Background A midshaft clavicle fracture is a prevalent form of injury of the upper extremity that affects one's quality of life. Several treatment modalities facilitate fixation of the displaced midshaft clavicle to decrease nonunion and malunion of the clavicle fracture. Still, numerous factors influence choosing an optimal surgical intervention. Thus, this study investigates the functional outcome of two standard fixation techniques, titanium elastic nails (TENs) and locking plates, as a prospective comparative study for surgical management of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Methods We performed closed/open reduction and internal fixation in 62 patients (40 male and 22 female) with TENs and locking plates, respectively, which were followed up at regular intervals following the surgery (at two, six, 12, 24, and 48 weeks). The surgical outcome was assessed both from functional and radiological standpoints. The influence of surgical fixation on functional outcome was evaluated based on the Constant-Murley score and the fracture recuperation based on union times. Results When compared to plate fixation, TENs had lesser union times. Still, there was no statistical difference in union time between the two groups. The functional assessment graded by Constant-Murley score had a similar distribution of scores between the two groups.With a follow-up of twelve months, the Constant-Murley scores between the groups were not statistically different. While the average score for plate fixation was slightly higher than that of TENs, the nonunion rate was found to be similar in both groups. Conclusion Surgical interventions using both TENs and plate fixation are suitable for managing clavicle midshaft fractures as they have a similar functional outcome. However, considering early recovery with minimal surgical complications, TENs can be a preferred treatment choice for managing displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

A Rare Case of Preiser Disease Affecting a Young Female.

Avascular necrosis of the carpal scaphoid is known as Preiser disease. Avascular necrosis is usually caused by non-traumatic or idiopathic etiology. In this case report, we present the case of a 23-year-old female patient who came to our outpatient department with complaints of pain and swelling over the left wrist joint for seven months. The patient did not give any history of trauma or long-term steroid intake. Clinically, the patient had tenderness over the left anatomical snuff box. A plain radiograph of the wrist joint did not suggest any abnormality. MRI was done to confirm the diagnosis. MRI showed altered marrow signals in the scaphoid, which was suggestive of avascular necrosis of the scaphoid, also known as Preiser disease. Proximal row carpectomy was done for the patient, and wrist range of motion exercises were started after one week postoperatively. Full range of motion of the wrist joint was achieved at three weeks postoperatively without no residual deformity.

Tibial Avulsion with Intra-Articular Entrapment of Medial Collateral Ligament with Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear with Posterior Root Medial Meniscus Tear: A Case Report of an Unusual Injury Triad.

INTRODUCTION: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most commonly injured ligament of the knee joint; however, its displacement into the medial knee compartment is rare. Traumatic posterior root of medial meniscus (PRMM) tears are commonly found in high-grade injuries involving anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears along with MCL tears. Diagnosis of these injuries can be made by a preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but they can be missed at times due to severe soft-tissue swelling in the acute phase. CASE REPORT: A 25-year-old gentleman presented with injury to the front of his left knee 5 days back. On examination, he had a Grade 3 effusion with valgus stress test and posterior drawer test being positive and medial joint line tenderness was present. A firm localized swelling was palpable on the medial joint line. MRI scan revealed a mid-substance PCL tear, ACL sprain, PRMM tear, and tibial side rupture of superficial MCL with proximally migrated wavy MCL fibers lying below the medial meniscus confirmed on arthroscopy. Medial meniscus root repair by pull through technique and PCL reconstruction with a 3-strand peroneus longus graft followed by open MCL repair with augmentation using a semitendinosus graft was performed. Postoperatively, the knee was kept in a straight knee brace for 4 weeks, followed by a hinged knee brace and appropriate physiotherapy were started. At 2 years follow-up, the patient had attained full range of knee motion with good quadriceps strength, tibial step off maintained, and negative posterior drawer test and valgus stress test. Displacement of torn MCL into the medial knee compartment is an extremely rare injury. Proximal or distal avulsion of MCL with intra-articular incarceration has been reported in isolation or associated with ACL tear. Such an injury triad as reported here has not been reported in the literature to the best of our review. CONCLUSION: In our case, we report a very unusual injury triad of PCL tear, PRMM tear, and distal MCL tear with intra-articular entrapment below the medial meniscus operated by a single-stage surgery with excellent outcomes.